Improvement in the construction of ships, boats, buoys



@uiten tetes @anni @ffice JOHN K. MAYO, OF NEW YORK, N., Y., FORHIMSELF, AND ANDREV CUSHING AND GEORGE B. CUSHING, OF-ST. JOHN,NEW'BRUNSWIGK, ASSIGNEES OF JOHN K. MAYO.

Letters Patent No. 51,735, dated December 26, 1865; reissue No. 3,087,dated August 18, 1869.

DIVISION C.

IMPROVEMENT IN THE GONSTRUGTION OP SHIPS, BOATS, BUOYS, AND OTHERNAUTIUAL AND MARINE STRUCTURES.

@the clittnlr nfzmh tu in time Enters @anni :mt making part of tte time.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that JOHN' K. MAYO, formerly of Portland, Maine, but now otltho city, county, and State of New York, inventedan Improvement inNautical or Marine Structures and Appliances; and we hereby declare thefollowing to be u suilicicntly full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof to enable one skilled in the artA to which the said ufy'crition4appertains to carry it into effect, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, which are made a part of this specification.

The invention consists in forming various nautical or marine structuresand appliances of a plurality of thin sheets or plates of wood, cementedor otherwise firmly connected together, with the grain of the severalscales or thicknesses crossed or diversified, so that they will afford'to each other mutual strengthysupport, and protection against checking,splitting, warping, expsn'siorn'and contraction. I i

Figure 1 isa transverse sectional view of a vessel, illustrating variousnpplicationsof the invention.

Figure 2 illustrates the application of the invention to masts, spurs,and the like.

Figure 3 represents a perspective view of a buoy.

The hull oi' a vesselmsy be constructed with two shells, A A',.each madeup of a number of thin sheets or plates of wood, a ril-a, rmly connectedtogether by the aid of cement, with the grain crossed or diversified indirection. i

C O represent angle-pieces nf the similar laminated wood or compoundscale-board, made up in suitable forms.

The deck D is made ofa number of scales or sheets similarlyconnectedtogether.

E represents armor-plating, whichis also-constructed of wood, laid up inthin scales lorpletes.

The advantage oflthis material* for marino structures is manifest, whenit is seen that by tho use of scalaboard or thin sheetsof wood,irmlyccmented or fastened toget.her',`with the grain crossed ordiversified, as described, we approach to the strength and tenacity o fmetals, while retaining the lightness and buoyancy of wood, and at thesame time, by means of the cement, preserved from decay.

Another great advantage is in the fact that this combined scale-hoard isnot subject to shrinking or swell ing by atmospheric changes; hence theleakage of vessolsso built would be nearly or quite done away with.

In constructing a vessel of this material, sheets or planks may beprepared, and fastened upon a frame or skeleton, in sections similar tothe present method of constructing iron ships, or, in some instances, itmay be applied in one continuous seamless web, or, if preferred, allframing may be dispensed with, and the shell or plurality oi:` A shellsmay answer every p-urposeot` strength, -by placing partitions of somomaterial as substitutes for beams, said partitions forming water-tightcompartments.

The space between outer and innershells may be used, as has been donoinV vessels ofthe monitor class, for tho admission of water, to depressthe ship in action; or in mercantile ships, by well-arranged stops, thewater may be used for ballast, or for trimming the ship with greatfacility.

This material may also be used as a shotproof cladding for war-ships, inplace of iron, s small fraction'of the weight oi' iron being equal orsuperior proof-protection, and yet the risk of splinters, so dangerousto life in the common wooden ships, would bo entirely dono away with.

Masts and spars may be made very light and very strong,'in hollow'orcylindrical forms, and be put together 'in section, by any oi' theordinary means usefl to connect cylinders or pipes; or, if foundpreferable, they may be made up continuously, in one entire length, asrequired.

The invention is applicable to the formation or construction of ships,both sailing and steam, for commercisl, pleasure, or war purpos'es orparts thereof, such as beams, knees, kecls, kelsons, stem andstern-posts, ruilders, frames, foot-hooks, masts, spars, bowsprits,booms, blocks, bulk-heads, planking, ceiling, sheathing,

decks, centre-boards, masthoops, travellers, pilot-stands,steering-wheels, &c., tc.;. also for boats, life-boats and row-boats,race-boats, and all varieties, lii`e-preserving seats, lifc-preservers,buoys, iloats, rafts, beacons, ligl1t houses.

Buoys for channels or headland-guides will be found very'superior madeof this material, inasmuch as they are more buoyant, and, being light,are less liable `te damage by Contact than any kind of metal buoy, or toinict damage in contact with vessels. .i

'This material is particularly adapted for the cheap and eliicientconstruction of light-houses and beacons.

But it is unnecessary to enumerate all the articles and structures towhich the invention is applicablev in marine er naval architecture;sullice it to say it may be applied in all eases where lightness,strength, or durability is requisite or desirable.

The following is what is claimed as new in the invention of JOHN K.MAYO:

The employment or use of the compound scale-board hereinbeforcdescribed, in the formation of the speci lied or analogous nauticalstructures.

JOHN K. MAYO.

Witnesses EDWARD WILLARD, S. W. Fnos'r.

